The  Annotation    /    標  註


2025
video installation
1920 x 1080, 5 channels, 20 min on loop
work commissioned by NTCAM New Taipei City Art Museum


The technical images currently surrounding us are in the process of magically restructuring our reality and transforming it into a global image scenario.” Philosopher Vilém Flusser anticipated the central role of technical images in societal development, arguing that they not only govern individual and collective experiences but also profoundly influence human behaviour, desires, and thought. With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, global scrutiny of their implications has intensified. These technologies are reshaping contemporary modes of image and text production while exacerbating the intricate tensions between automation and human labour.

Discriminative AI, as a core technology in contemporary machine vision, replicates human viewing logic and ethics, thereby reproducing the prejudices and biases embedded in society. Nevertheless, the development of machine vision remains incomplete, as large-scale data annotation continues to depend heavily on human visual processing. This form of labour exposes a perennial issue in the history of visual arts: the externalisation of vision. The practice of data annotation can be likened to the framing process in photography or the categorisation and archiving of databases, bearing a distinctive essence. Annotation is not merely a technical procedure but also entails profound philosophical and sociological dimensions. Investigating this technology enables us to develop a clearer understanding of the intrinsic logic and cultural significance underpinning contemporary image technologies.

The work The Annotation emerges in response to this context. This video installation adopts the form of an intelligent cockpit, engaging in multi-dimensional dialogues with researchers, transnational data annotators, and taxi drivers. It interrogates how machine vision technologies shape the realisation of autonomous driving and the industrial transformations that accompany it. The work critically examines the power dynamics and ethical quandaries inherent in technological advancement, while striving to uncover new narrative possibilities amidst the tensions between automation and human labour.


Installation view at New Taipei City Art Museum, New Taipei City, 2025
Related Information ︎
︎︎︎ New Taipei City Art Museum                                
︎︎︎ e-flux                              
︎︎︎ OCULA                      
︎︎︎ Artouch